VPNs without a parent company

Providers for which neither a parent company nor a holding is recorded.

28 of 85 providers in the dataset

What this filter checks

This filter reads no criterion but a master data field: the parent company of the provider. If it is empty, the provider appears here. The background is the reason this project exists at all: around a handful of holdings, the provider, the advertising and the supposed review site are the same firm.

An empty field is a weaker statement than a sourced value. It can mean two things: that there really is no parent company, or that we could not establish one. Which case applies is shown on the provider profile by the criteria for ownership type, beneficial owners and acquisition history, each with a source.

Conversely, a parent company is not an accusation. This page does not warn against the other providers. It only shows for whom we have recorded no corporate ownership. The judgement is yours.

The rule lives in the source code and is only read out here. It is a condition on catalogue criteria, nothing more.

All of the following conditions must hold.

No parent company and no holding recorded

Which level of evidence counts

This filter reads no criterion but a master data field. There is no confidence level for it. Confidence levels in detail

Not a ranking. The page lists providers for whom a statement is sourced. If someone is missing, it may be missing evidence, not the property.

Providers with evidence for this

Sorted alphabetically, as everywhere on this site. There is no order by quality.

AirVPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Amnezia VPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Astrillno parent company recorded
No source on file.
BolehVPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
cryptostormno parent company recorded
No source on file.
FastestVPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Goose VPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Lanternno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Le VPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Obscura VPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Perfect Privacydiscontinuedno parent company recorded
No source on file.
PrivadoVPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
PrivateVPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Seed4.Meno parent company recorded
No source on file.
SlickVPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
SuperVPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Thunder VPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
TorGuardno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Trust.Zoneno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Urban VPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
VeePNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
VPN.acno parent company recorded
No source on file.
VPNAreano parent company recorded
No source on file.
WeVPNdiscontinuedno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Windscribeno parent company recorded
No source on file.
X-VPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.
Xeovono parent company recorded
No source on file.
ZoogVPNno parent company recorded
No source on file.